Kazakhstan's economy is estimated to have grown by 4.0 percent in 2024. A temporary acceleration to 4.5–5.0 percent growth is projected in 2025, supported by a one-off surge in oil production...
По оценкам, экономика Казахстана выросла на 4,0 процента ...
This paper uses a vulnerability-based approach to analyze the evolution of the middle class in Europe between 2005–08 and 2015–18. The analysis reveals that, on average, the income level ...
This paper investigates the role of gender bias in artificial intelligence–driven analyses of citizen participation, using data from the 2023 Latinobarómetro Survey. The paper proposes that ...
Despite far-reaching banking sector reforms over the past few years, financial intermediation in Tajikistan continues to lag behind structural peers and the Caucasus and Central Asia region. At the...
The publication of nearly 600,000 new species occurrence maps using Global Biodiversity Information Facility data provides an opportunity to reassess international species protection with broader representation...
This paper presents a fundamental reassessment of the global human resources crisis in primary health care, using nationally representative survey data from 7,915 health facilities across 10 Sub-Saharan...
This paper provides evidence on the nature of financial constraints faced by women entrepreneurs, especially in contexts of stringent social norms. Using micro-data from the World Bank Enterprise Surveys...
This study evaluates the impact of an intimate partner violence prevention program in Rwanda, using a randomized controlled trial. The 22-week couples training program aimed to improve communication...
Refugees require assistance for basic needs like housing but local host communities may feel excluded from that assistance, potentially affecting community relations. This study experimentally evaluates...
The lack of a workable and accurate national sampling frame is one of the methodological constraints in conducting representative national surveys. It undermines policy and research efforts in many...
In developed countries, public childcare programs have increased maternal employment by easing time constraints. However, their impact in lower-middle-income settings with multigenerational households...
This paper uncovers new stylized facts on the emergence and diffusion of green technologies across countries, sectors, and firms. It draws on the textual analysis of patents and corporate earnings calls...
Over the past few decades, fiscal policy has been about 30 percent more procyclical and about 40 percent more volatile in commodity-exporting emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs) than in...
This paper develops a method to predict comparable income and consumption distributions for all countries in the world from a simple regression with a handful of country-level variables. To fit the...
This paper estimates the monetary and full returns to micro-entrepreneurship using a cross-section of Mexican women leveraging self-reported reservation wages. A generalized Roy model of micro-entrepreneurship...
AbstractThe transition to a low-carbon economy requires an expansion in the production of clean energy technologies. Recent shifts in the European Union’s industrial policy aim to boost local ...
This paper estimates the number of firms in Africa, considering their size and formal status. It relies on a novel methodology that combines multiple data sources. The results suggest that in 2020...
This paper examines the dynamics of poverty in Bhutan between 2017 and 2022, utilizing cross-sectional data from the Bhutan Living Standards Surveys. The paper constructs synthetic panels and estimates ...
The expansion of marine protected areas (MPAs) is a core focus of global conservation efforts, with the “30x30” initiative to protect 30% of the ocean by 2030 serving as a prominent example...