Romania experienced a severe economic contraction in 2009 following the global financial crisis. Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), play a significant role in employment, and account for two out of three...
As in most economies, micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in emerging markets are widely believed to be the engine of growth across. Over the last decade, many researchers and academics have tried...
This paper investigates the effect of access to finance on job growth in 50,000 firms across 70 developing countries. Using the introduction of credit bureaus as an exogenous shock to the supply of credit...
The reach of the financial sector in Turkey is wide - as measured by account penetration, use of electronic payments, and credit card ownership - relative to both developing and high-income countries...
This paper analyzes the impact of introducing credit information-sharing systems on firms' access to finance. The analysis uses multi-year, firm-level surveys for 63 countries covering more than 75,000...
In this paper authors discuss environmental factors that might help explain the significantly low use of financial services by women in Turkey. For instance, The Gender Gap Report (2013) provides a cross-country...
This report summarizes the main findings of the different work conducted under Turkey: Promoting Gender Equity in Labor Market and Entrepreneurship (P133741) to better understand the gender differences...
Mobile banking services offer great potential to expand financial services, particularly payment services, to the poor. They also provide a convenient and cost effective way to access bank accounts. This...
Using firm-level surveys for up to 73 countries, this paper explores the impact of introducing collateral registries for movable assets on firms' access to bank finance. It compares firms' access to bank...