Документы и доклады

System of Environmental-Economic Accounting : Ecosystem Accounting (Английский)

The recognition that economies are embedded within and dependent on nature is growing, with nature itself being seen as an asset to the economy. As the impacts of climate and biodiversity crises become...

The Union of Comoros - Accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) : Opportunities and Challenges (Английский)

The World Trade Organization (WTO) is a rules-based multilateral institution that was established in 1995 as a successor to the general agreement on tariffs and trade (GATT). It seeks to achieve multilateral...

Globalization and Factor Income Taxation (Английский)

How has globalization affected the relative taxation of labor and capital, and why? To address this question, this paper builds and analyzes a new database of effective macroeconomic tax rates covering...

Trade-Policy Dynamics : Evidence from 60 Years of U.S.-China Trade (Английский)

This paper studies the growth of Chinese imports into the United States from autarky during 1950–1970 to about 15 percent of overall imports in 2008, taking advantage of the rich heterogeneity in trade...

Taking Another Look at Policy Research on China's Accession to the World Trade Organization (Английский)

Recent work on China's accession to the World Trade Organizations pays little attention to the wave of reforms in China in the 1980s and 1990s. These reforms created the preconditions for accession and...

Turning the tide in turbulent times : leveraging trade for Kazakhstan's development (Английский)

Kazakhstan is facing its greatest economic challenge since the global crisis. With oil prices at US$50 per barrel, the country urgently needs to adjust its economic model and find new sources of economic...

NULL (Русский)

С того времени, когда разразился мировой кризис, Казахстан столкнулся с самой большой экономической проблемой. При ценах на нефть в 50 долларов США за баррель стране необходимо срочно скорректировать свою...

Mining and economic development : did China's WTO accession affect African local economic development ? (Английский)

This paper investigates China's influence on local economic development in 37 African countries between 1997 and 2007. The analysis compares the average changes in economic growth, migration, spatial inequality...

Kazakhstan - CUSTOMS DEVT (Английский)

Kazakhstan - Customs Development Project (Английский)

Ratings for the Customs Development Project for Kazakhstan were as follows: outcomes were moderately unsatisfactory, the risk to development outcome was negligible, the Bank performance was moderately...

Assessing the Impact of WTO accession on Belarus: a quantitative evaluation (Английский)

As a small and open economy, Belarus' development perspectives are intrinsically linked to its ability to produce and sell goods and services competitively in the global marketplace. While Belarus is an...

Assessing the Impact of WTO accession on Belarus: a quantitative evaluation : Анализ последствий присоединения к ВТО для Республики Беларусь: количественная оценка (Русский)

As a small and open economy, Belarus' development perspectives are intrinsically linked to its ability to produce and sell goods and services competitively in the global marketplace. While Belarus is an...

The empirical landscape of trade policy (Английский)

This paper surveys empirically the broad features of trade policy in goods for 31 major economies that collectively represented 83 percent of the world's population and 91 percent of the world's GDP in...

Implementing trade policy and trade facilitation reforms in Lao PDR (Английский)

In 2015, Lao PDR is virtually unrecognizable from what it was just a decade ago. A more open, more outward trade landscape has transformed the country from a closed-off backwater into a fast-growing developing...

What’s left for the WTO ? (Английский)

Suppose that when addressing the question of “what’s left for the WTO?,” tariff negotiators relied not on the agenda established in 2001 but instead on the terms-of-trade theory of trade agreements to...

Kazakhstan - Improving the trade policy framework, its management, and its regulations (Vol. 2 of 4) : Policy note one (Английский)

The main message of this report is that if Kazakhstan wants to take advantage of global integration and diversification opportunities, the government needs to improve its trade policy framework, its management...

Trade agreements and enforcement : evidence from WTO dispute settlement (Английский)

This paper examines the implications of the terms-of-trade theory for the determinants of outcomes arising under the enforcement provisions of international agreements. Like original trade agreement negotiations...

The environmental implications of Russia's accession to the world trade organization (Английский)

This report investigates the environmental impacts of Russia's accession to the World Trade Organization. A 10-region, 30-sector model of the Russian economy is developed. The model is innovative and more...

Yemen, Republic of - RY-IDF Capacity Building on Legal Aspects of WTO Accession (TF094514) : P115192 - Implementation Status Results Report : Sequence 04 (Английский)

Environmental perspective of Russia's accession to the world trade organization (Английский)

Russia's exports, imports, and ability to attract foreign direct investment (FDI) continue to grow. In December 2011, after eighteen years of negotiations, the World Trade Organization (WTO) invited Russia...