This paper gathers lessons from major development investments and reviews the broader evidence base on the inclusion of refugees and their host communities in national social protection programs in low-...
Causal evidence on the effectiveness of refugee labor market integration programs remains limited. This report presents baseline findings from a randomized controlled trial evaluating such a program for...
This paper examines vertical skills mismatch in Türkiye using a refined measure that adjusts for occupation, age group, sector, and year to isolate genuine education-job misalignment from compositional...
The COVID-19 pandemic exposed significant gaps in social protection systems, especially in South Asia, where financial constraints limited support for vulnerable populations. This paper emphasizes the...
This paper uses household survey data from 27 countries to assess sex-differentiated access to social protection programs and their impact on mitigating gender gaps in the labor market. The analysis includes...
This paper examines the current state of play and trends in social assistance in terms of spending, coverage, incidence, benefit size, and poverty reduction impacts using administrative data and household...
The paper examines the social protection response to the COVID-19 pandemic across 76 emerging and developing economies (EDEs) to identify lessons on how to make these systems more resilient against risks...
This paper examines the design and implementation of labor market (LM) programs to address employment challenges across diverse economic contexts. LM programs are critical in enhancing employment opportunities...
Mind the gap evaluates the progress in strengthening social protection and labor systems in emerging and developing economies (EDEs) in three areas: coverage, adequacy of benefits for the poor, and level...
This report examines the state of pension and social insurance systems globally, focusing on old-age income protection. It analyzes expenditure, coverage, adequacy of benefits, and sustainability of both...
This note is part of a collaboration between the World Bank’s development research group (DECRG) and development impact group (DIME) and the Dominican Pension Superintendency (SIPEN), the autonomous agency...
This note is part of a collaboration between the World Bank’s development research group (DECRG) and development impact group (DIME) and the Dominican Pension Superintendency (SIPEN), the autonomous agency...
This paper reports on a rapid assessment of Malawi’s integrated social registry, known as the Unified Beneficiary Registry (UBR). The timing of the assessment was ripe given the upcoming round of continued...
The lack of efficient social security systems, the presence of large informal sectors, and the pace at which the population is aging in some Sub-Saharan African countries are red flags warning of a potential...
The objective of this toolkit is to provide guidance to policy makers and practitioners on 'how to' aspects in designing and implementing public works programs. Public Works (PW) programs (also known as...
The objective of this toolkit is to provide guidance to policy makers and practitioners on 'how to' aspects in designing and implementing public works programs. Public Works (PW) programs (also known as...
This paper compares the different approaches of Singapore, Thailand, Hong Kong, and China with respect to how they manage their respective defined contribution, individual retirement account systems. The...
In typical pension systems, individuals are asked to make contributions and based on the number of contributions made and the level of those contributions, a pension is awarded. Contributions from workers...
This paper analyzes the relationship between whether a young person has a disability, the poverty status of their household, and their school participation using 11 household surveys from nine developing...
Zambia is a county characterized by a high incidence of poverty and exposure to several types of shocks like HIV/AIDS, macroeconomic instability and periodic droughts. In this paper the authors conduct...