The authors analyze the gender implications of pension reform in Kazakhstan, the Kygyz Republic, Latvia, and Moldova. The new systems deliberately penalize early retirement and reward longer careers, so that with no change in behavior or policy, women's pensions will be lower than men's on average. Still, the implicit financial returns for women remain higher on average than returns for men, because of women's longer life expectancy and because of...
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ПОДРОБНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ
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2001/02/28
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Рабочий документ в рамках исследования вопросов политики
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WPS2546
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1
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1
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2010/07/01
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Disclosed
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Gender dimensions of pension reform in the Former Soviet Union
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female labor force participation rates