The World Bank has been supporting this policythrough theprogram China Rural Information and Communications: Technical Assistance on Design and Impact Evaluation, which aims to support the government make decisions about potential scaling up of innovative ICT pilot projects and to generate and disseminate knowledge about the impacts of ICT in rural China.
... Подробнее + Three activities were undertakenwith a focus on a trio of provinces (Guizhou, Jilin, and Shandong): (a) a demand survey to assess rural ICT access and attitudes; (b) a library study including scoping the status of ICT use in rural libraries; and (c) a limited impact evaluation to examine how ICT interventions have affected rural users.
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The World Bank has been supporting this policythrough theprogram China Rural Information and Communications: Technical Assistance on Design and Impact Evaluation, which aims to support the government make decisions about potential scaling up of innovative ICT pilot projects and to generate and disseminate knowledge about the impacts of ICT in rural China.
... Подробнее + Three activities were undertakenwith a focus on a trio of provinces (Guizhou, Jilin, and Shandong): (a) a demand survey to assess rural ICT access and attitudes; (b) a library study including scoping the status of ICT use in rural libraries; and (c) a limited impact evaluation to examine how ICT interventions have affected rural users.
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Open Data initiatives are transforming how governments and other public institutions interact and provide services to their constituents. They increase transparency and value to citizens, reduce inefficiencies and barriers to information, enable data-driven applications that improve public service delivery, and provide public data that can stimulate innovative business opportunities.
... Подробнее + As the gatekeepers of official statistics, National Statistics Offices (NSOs) produce many datasets that could typically comprise the foundation of an Open Data program. They may also have relationships with other data producing agencies in the national statistical system and have expertise in dealing with the many technical and data quality issues attendant in publishing data. In short, they are extremely well placed to make a valuable contribution to Open Data initiatives. Despite these advantages, NSOs do not always feature prominently in government-sponsored Open Data programs and they may be missing an important opportunity to expand the use and re-use of the data they produce. The goal of this working paper is to better understand the opportunities and challenges that Open Data presents to NSOs and to identify what steps and solutions are needed to enable NSOs to play a valuable role in national or sub-national Open Data initiatives.
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The overall outcome rating of the Information and Communication Technology Development Project for Vietnam was judged to be moderately unsatisfactory.
... Подробнее + The Bank and borrower performance were moderately unsatisfactory. The risk to development outcome was substantial. Significant changes included revised components, restructuring and amendments. Several lessons were learned. The complexity of project design needs to be balanced carefully against the client's human resource endowment and readiness to execute. Multi-unit institutional arrangements, if unavoidable, demand that the Bank negotiate mechanisms for joint management of essential functions and structured opportunities for collaboration. The objective is to avoid duplication of operational and administrative efforts, inefficiencies, and other well-known "silo" effects. Cancellation would have limited the knowledge gained from implementing this important project but restructuring and extending it in 2010 without addressing design issues was an inefficient use of Bank resources. Bank procurement requirements, processes and documents are not optimal for the fast-evolving IT sector and this needs review. Intervention of senior Bank management with national authorities can galvanize project performance in a failing situation. ICT projects need to focus on both the supply and demand sides, the latter being an important driver of longer-term sustainability. The rationale for including weighty private sector goals in a foundational project focused on e-government should be clearly defined. ICT projects can materially impact the behavior and performance of government, business and citizens and require the same high standards of monitoring and evaluation design and execution as projects in other sectors. It is unrealistic to expect that the deeper impacts of newly-constructed ICT systems can be measured by end-project.
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Отчет о завершении и результатах проекта ICR2976 JUN 26, 2014
Many governments are pursuing open data policies. One of the key policy drivers has been to use open data to drive economic growth and business innovation.
... Подробнее + This paper examines the evidence for the economic potential of open data and concludes that, despite a variation in published estimates and some methodological difficulties, the potential is very large indeed. It reviews the latest data about companies using open data, and highlights four companies which did not exist ten years ago, which are driven by open data, and which are each now valued at around $1 billion or more. It discusses the five archetypical types of businesses using open data, and cites concrete examples of each, and discusses the types of data which are proving most likely to lead to widespread business adoption and innovation. It suggests that governments should see themselves not only as a Supplier of open data but also as a leader, catalyst and user of it. Finally, it makes some recommendations for policies and actions which governments could take to maximize the economic growth possible from their data.
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Ratings for the Second Phase of the Adaptable Lending Program in Support of the Second and Third Phases of the Social and Fiscal National Identification System (SINTyS) Project for Argentina were as follows: outcomes were moderately satisfactory, risk to development outcome was moderate, Bank performance was moderately satisfactory, and Borrower performance was satisfactory.
... Подробнее + Some lessons learned included: early institutionalization of SINTyS helped to ensure the sustainability of project activities. Given the constant evolution in technology, it is critical that technology intensive projects be attentive to changes and how advances can impact business model. While the complexity of projects that are intensive in the procurement of information and communication technology (ICT) products and services can often result in delays, strong coordination between the SINTyS and the Bank team can help ensure the timely completion of planned activities. While project design should include sufficient indicators to monitor progress on key aspects of implementation, too many results indicators can complicate monitoring efforts.
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Отчет о завершении и результатах проекта ICR3017 JUN 19, 2014
The development objective of the Statistical Capacity Building Project for South Sudan is to strengthen the capacity of statistics producers in South Sudan to produce and disseminate official statistics.
... Подробнее + The project comprises of five components. The first component, legal reforms and institutional development will support to strengthen the recipients legal and institutional framework for statistics. The second component will support to the recipient to build capacity in data producing agencies. The third component will support to the recipient to build information and communications technology (ICT) and statistical infrastructure. The fourth component, data development and dissemination will provide support to the recipient to generate, process, and disseminate data products and services. The fifth component, project management will support to the recipient to strengthen its capacity for project planning and budgeting, management, coordination, monitoring and evaluation activities, all through the provision of technical advisory services, training, operating costs, and the acquisition of goods.
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These guidance notes prepare universities, local researchers, and development and humanitarian agencies to use and teach the approach of the Resilience in Education Settings (RES)-Research module, in its entirety or partially.
... Подробнее + This guide It is based upon two regional applications of the RES-Research module in Central America and the South Asia, during the period 2011-2014. RES-Research is a 9 to 12 month training module targeting higher education professors, graduate research students and the professional Development Evaluation community working with humanitarian and development agencies in conflict and violenceaffected contexts. The training is structured around face-to-face workshops and a practical component designed to ground research knowledge and skills. During the practice phase, RES-Research provides local researchers with ongoing technical guidance and seed financial resources to undertake a pilot education resilience study. In addition to enriching the learning experience, these studies then become part of a growing base of international education resilience evidence.
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The objective of this report is to examine the potential of locational data for the 'science of delivery' in the field of development.
... Подробнее + The 'science of delivery' is a term popularized by the World Bank President, Jim Yong Kim, and refers to using evidence-based experimentation to improve development outcomes (Walji, 2013). In this context, locational data is a new tool that is starting to be used in a variety of development fields including health, education, disaster risk management, traffic planning etc. this broad introduction to the topic in chapter one, the next chapter explores the technology behind locational data. Chapter three presents the methodology followed in this research and chapter four, which is the heart of this report, then presents a series of mini case studies of how it is actually being used in a representative sample of different development fields. This is the 'evidence-based experimentation' which can be harnessed to improve the 'science of delivery', and examples of both active and passive collection of locational data are presented. Finally, chapter five examines, in broader terms, the longer term potential of locational data as a development tool, once smartphone ownership becomes more widespread.
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Экономический/отраслевой отчет до 2003 г. ACS9644 JUN 01, 2014
Haddad, Ryan; Kelly, Tim; Leinonen, Teemu; Saarinen, Vesa
Contaminated sites associated with economic growth and development and increased urbanization pose a growing public health and environmental problem.
... Подробнее + Emissions and discharges, particularly uncontrolled ones, onto land can pollute the soil and the groundwater beneath, and can also affect surface water quality and sediments in nearby rivers and streams. This document is intended to summarize the rationale and the major policy, regulatory, implementation, and organizational issues involved in creating a contaminated site program, especially for low and middle income countries. The document offers alternatives regarding the design and implementation of such a program. It provides an action agenda of short- and longer-term activities to be considered when establishing a contaminated site program. In addition to providing some optional approaches for the many policy and programmatic issues, the document provides numerous references from the experience of other country programs to draw upon in considering program options. The document is intended to help support World Bank staff or other international financial institutions and assistance agencies in their dialogues with governmental officials in low and middle income countries regarding specific options and steps on developing or implementing contaminated sites programs in their countries. It is also relevant for governmental agencies in these countries responsible for site contamination and pollution management, land use planning, and site development at local and national levels. The document is organized in the following chapters: chapter one gives introduction. Chapter two is setting policy and legislative framework which highlights the development of policy and legislative purpose, principles, strategy and design, and related legislation. Chapter three is regulatory issues which presents major topics that may be the subject of regulations by a ministry or agency. Chapter four is contaminated site program management which presents management, organizational, and operational issues, including issues of coordination and partnerships within branches of government and with other stakeholders. Chapter five is action agenda for contaminated site program which provides the development of an action agenda of short- and longer-term actions to be considered in forming a contaminated site program, including creation of a national management plan for contaminated sites.
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Knowledge is central to development. The World Bank invests about one-quarter of its budget for country services in knowledge products. Still, there is little research about the demand for these knowledge products and how internal knowledge flows affect their demand.
... Подробнее + About 49 percent of the World Bank's policy reports, which are published Economic and Sector Work or Technical Assistance reports, have the stated objective of informing the public debate or influencing the development community. This study uses information on downloads and citations to assesses whether policy reports meet this objective. About 13 percent of policy reports were downloaded at least 250 times while more than 31 percent of policy reports are never downloaded. Almost 87 percent of policy reports were never cited. More expensive, complex, multi-sector, core diagnostics reports on middle-income countries with larger populations tend to be downloaded more frequently. Multi-sector reports also tend to be cited more frequently. Internal knowledge sharing matters as cross support provided by the World Bank's Research Department consistently increases downloads and citations.
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Рабочий документ в рамках исследования вопросов политики WPS6851 MAY 01, 2014
This paper studies channels through which well-known benchmark indexes impact asset allocations and capital flows across countries. The study uses unique monthly micro-level data of benchmark compositions and mutual fund investments during 1996-2012.
... Подробнее + Benchmarks have important effects on equity and bond mutual fund portfolios across funds with different degrees of activism. Benchmarks explain, on average, around 70 percent of country allocations and have significant impact even on active funds. Benchmark effects are important after controlling for industry, macroeconomic, and country-specific, time-varying effects. Reverse causality does not drive the results. Exogenous, pre-announced changes in benchmarks result in movements in asset allocations mostly when these changes are implemented (not when announced). By impacting country allocations, benchmarks affect capital flows across countries through direct and indirect channels, including contagion. They explain apparently counterintuitive movements in capital flows, generating outflows from countries when upgraded and with large market capitalization and better relative performance.
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Рабочий документ в рамках исследования вопросов политики WPS6866 MAY 01, 2014
Raddatz, Claudio; Schmukler, Sergio L.; Williams, Tomas
The report describes the Statistics for Results Facility (SRF) and Catalytic Fund (CF) approach, highlights the key findings and recommendations of the SRF Evaluation carried out during the second half of 2013, presents progress of the pilot activities over the period May 2013-May 2014, discusses developments in the SRF Results Framework, and defines the next steps for the SRF.
... Подробнее + The SRF is a multi-donor supported initiative, funded by the United Kingdom and the Netherlands and managed by the World Bank, to increase the level of investment in statistical systems in developing countries and to improve the effectiveness of support from donors. The objective of the SRF-CF is to support better policy formulation and decision-making through sustained improvement in the production, availability and use of official statistics. It places a strong focus on statistical capacity building. This is the fifth annual report issued by the SRF-CF, which became operational in 2009.
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Does providing a free text messaging (SMS) reporting tool, which facilitates communication between farmers and the state-level Project Implementation Unit (PIU) overseeing the Fadama III Project, improve the quality of service of the program?
... Подробнее + This note highlights initial outcomes from a pre-pilot exercise conducted in 2013 with two program objectives: 1) to explore whether working with local Community-Based Organizations (CBO) to train farmers to use and to promote the tool was an effective means to get and maintain user adoption; and 2) to examine whether the ICT-generated information and system helped the PIU better manage the project. Two main conclusions can be drawn from this pre-pilot. Firstly, it was found that CBO engagement led to significantly larger uptake and use of the system. Secondly, the State PIU only minimally used the reports that were being sent by farmers, despite institutional excitement about the system and a strong mandate from management to use the reports. The findings presented here are based on the deployment of MyVoice, a prototype SMS tool, in six communities in the Federal Capitol Territory of Nigeria. The tool was rolled out over a two-week period through training sessions in the community. The tool was then left operational for an additional four weeks for the communities and government to utilize it. The data informing this note was from all six weeks. Despite the fact that the prototype had significant technical and usability limitations, which were well-understood by the implementing team, its deployment allowed the team to test and learn about the social adoption and use of the tool, as well as to refine the program, training and final software for a more formal pilot and launch. This responsive and adaptive approach helped the team build a more locally relevant and useful system.
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Some of the headings included in this issue of the Development Economics Prospects Group (DECPG) daily economics and financial market commentary newsletter are as follows: financial markets; high-income economies; and developing economies in East Asia and Pacific, and Sub-Saharan Africa.
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Improving access to information and communications technology (ICT) and related services in the countryside, or rural informatization, is a long-standing Chinese policy objective.
... Подробнее + National and provincial governments and China's ICT industry have invested significantly in rural infrastructure and facilities over the past decade with the goal of reducing the country's digital divide. The purpose of this study, undertaken at the request of the Chinese government, is to review this experience and inform future approaches to rural informatization. The study focuses on three provinces with different socioeconomic characteristics: Shandong, Jilin, and Guizhou. The scope of the study included: (a) a demand survey to assess rural ICT access and usage; (b) a review of ICT in primary and secondary schools; (c) a survey of public libraries, including the extent of ICT use in rural libraries; and (d) an assessment of specific ICT interventions to examine how they have affected rural users. Much of the published information about rural ICT development in China describes infrastructure deployment, with top-level target monitoring statistics. This report sheds light on findings at the grassroots level through surveys and interviews, exploring the nature of demand for ICT services from rural populations, and considers whether this demand is being adequately addressed. Though there are differences in infrastructure and access across the three provinces, the structural challenges are similar. The lessons learned are not only consistent across the three provinces but also similar to research findings on rural informatization in other provinces. Thus, they are likely to be relevant for making recommendations about future approaches in other rural areas in China.
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